|
Progressive war〔Caleb, Carr (2002). ''The Lessons of Terror: A History of Warfare Against Civilians: Why It Has Always Failed and Why It Will Fail Again''. Random House, Inc. ISBN 0-375-50843-0〕 is a military strategy where only enemy combatants are targeted and non-combatants killed or wounded due to collateral damage are kept to a minimum. The principles for Progressive War were established by Dutch jurist Hugo Grotius who is consider a founder of international law in his book De jure belli ac pacis libri tres (On the Law of War and Peace: Three books) published in 1625. A successful practitioner of Progressive War was Helmuth von Moltke the Elder as chief of staff of the Prussian Army in the nineteenth century. The obverse to Progressive War is unlimited war which includes civilians as legitimate targets. The aim of unlimited war is to use military action against civilians in the hope of undermining the populations will to fight, to undermine their support of their leaders, and thereby influence the policies of those leaders to continue the conflict. Examples of unlimited war is evident in the use of cluster bombs, the firebombing of Dresden, the German bombing of British cities during the Blitz, the firebombing of Tokyo, the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, among many other examples. The philosophy of unlimited war is controversial. Many consider it a form of terrorism, in the sense of deliberately attacking non-combatants in the hope of changing their mindset. Such ambiguities between unlimited warfare and terrorist strategies could be the source of why many terrorist groups consider themselves honorable fighters, and many label American military forces terrorists. Guerrilla warfare can be considered progressive if only enemy combatants are targeted but becomes terrorism when non-combatants are targeted. ==References== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Progressive war」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|